Based on an interdisciplinary approach that directly bridges orthopedic concepts to surface science, this book details cutting-edge research in bioceramics science, physical chemistry, biomedical optics, and nanomechanics. The book cites some of the more conventional spectroscopic characterization techniques including Raman and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. These techniques have been used to unveil molecular scale phenomena of both chemical and mechanical origin occurring at the sliding surfaces of bioceramic joints. These concepts are of critical importance to researchers as they are relevant to the development of new biomaterials.